Sunday, September 23, 2007

Cardiovascular System: We Hate Micro Gravity

It looks as if astronauts will have another side effect to worry about while floating around our blue planet. While drifting in micro gravity may be fun, our thumping red organ (as well as its many vein friends) may not enjoy the experience as much as we do.

(Space Daily) In space, there's a much different result. There's no gravity to pull blood into the lower part of the body. Instead, blood goes to the chest and head, causing astronauts to have puffy faces and bulging blood vessels in their necks.

And appearance isn't the only ugly side effect. The lack of blood flowing to and from the brain can cause astronauts to feel dizzy and sometimes even faint when they return to Earth's gravity.

That's why a new experiment on board the International Space Station -- called Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Control on Return from ISS (CCISS) -- is examining how long-duration exposure to microgravity affects crew members' heart functions, blood pressure and blood vessels that supply the brain.


Unless a person is committing to a one way journey off world, then scientists are going to have to figure out ways to strengthen our fragile hearts while floating in orbit.

Micro gravity seems to have a way of "relaxing" our organs too much, and if not resolved we could find ourselves with a weakened heart, not to mention a few other things.

Human beings seem to be designed for Earth gravity, and may ultimately have to build orbiting space stations in order to live above the clouds.

Video: Can Google Really Take Us To The Moon?

(Hat Tip: Official Google Blog)

Google has recently teamed up with the X-Prize Foundation in order to launch the Google Lunar X-Prize challenge.

In order to help motivate the private sector, Google is offering a $20 million purse to anyone who soft lands a rover on the Moon, with five million dollars to any team coming in second place.

The X-Prize foundation has also provided a video to help inspire future engineers to join in the second great race towards the moon.





What makes this competition really worthwhile is the fact that the Google X-Prize Lunar challenge will be awarding an extra $5 million to the team that is able to find either ice water, a previous lunar landing or survive a "lunar night" (which is approximately 14.5 Earth days long).

Whether or not teams will actually be able to accomplish a soft landing for under $20 million is subject to debate (as launching rockets can be quite expensive).

However, if a team is able to actually land a rover upon the Moon's surface and locate valuable resources, they may be able to not only secure future profits, but their place in history as well.

Martian South Pole Abundant In Water Ice

(Hat Tip: Universe Today)



(Image: Martian South Pole, Credit: NASA / MOLA Science Team, via MIT)

When it comes to life giving water, Earth reigns supreme. But outside our home world, it seems as if Earth's red neighbor Mars may also have an abundance of water frozen at its southern pole.

(MIT News Office) The experiment reveals that the southern Martian polar region is the largest body of frozen water on the planet and the largest, outside of Earth, in the inner solar system, which includes Mars, Earth, Venus and Mercury.

Until now, scientists were puzzled by the observation that a large percentage of the southern polar region surface does not reflect much light, as it would if there were ice on the surface. This study shows that much of the ice is covered in a layer of dust, but it remains unknown why the dust only covers certain areas, Zuber said.


Maria Zuber's team also discovered that the southern polar cap contains "about 15 percent silicate dust" that is mixed within the ice. In order to survive on Mars, future colonists will have to develop powerful water filters in order to drink melted Martian water.

Note: perhaps Israel could help us out with this.

Update: Adjusted image position, moved credits below image.

Saturday, September 22, 2007

Colony Worlds Undergoing A Celestial Look

Note: I am updating this website to give it a more "celestial" look.

For the next 30-45 minuets (or less) this weblog will look rather funky.

Stay tuned...

Update: Most of the changes to the site (99%) are done. Come check out the new look and let me know if anything looks funny or is broken. (page tested in Firefox, and is working for the most part in IE7)

Wednesday, September 19, 2007

Carnival Of The Space Geeks (20th Edition)

Belated Note: Last week's Carnival of Space was held over at Music of the Spheres which featured several interesting posts including:

  • Paul of Centauri Dreams updating everyone on the progress of solar sails (a must read).

  • Louise (aka A Babe in the Universe) talks about Saturn as well as her latest theory on mini-black holes having a role in planet formation.

  • Amanda over at Astropixie blogs about star patterns and their affect upon human culture.

  • "Space Blog Father" Clark via Hobby Space helps break the news about NASA terminating their contract with Rocketplane Kistler, which is sad news indeed.


Tomorrow, Henry over at WhyHomeschooling will be hosting the Space Carnival on his site.

Note: Blogging here will be light for a while, as I catch up on other web related activities, as well as a site redesign. I'll be back in a few days!

Wednesday, September 12, 2007

Which Worlds Should Humanity Skip?


With our species blessed with 83 worlds that orbit our home star, why would we choose to settle some and skip the rest? After all, would it not be in humanities best interest to spread our glory over every celestial moon, planet and dwarf planet?

While covering every centimeter of every orbiting sphere may sound glorious, it may not be practical (or even desired) by our future descendants. Just as the human race chooses to (mainly) live within fertile valley's and hills over deserts and mountains, so to our children may opt to skip worlds with "too much hassle" involved in settling them.

A prime example of this would be Mercury. Although humanity may posses the capability of colonizing this sphere, its close orbit towards the Sun may make it uninhabitable, at least during the day time (thanks to solar radiation).

Even though Mercury may contain many precious metals beneath its baked crust, it will probably never boast large metropolis's upon its surface, unless Earth decides to turn it into a planetary penal colony.

Moving outward to Venus, one could easily realize why humanity would never ever want to set foot on the planet, let alone through its thick atmosphere. The atmospheric pressure on Venus is about 90 times that of Earth, strong enough to crush a human unprotected.

Hosting sulfuric acid within its upper clouds, Venus may be more valuable as an interplanetary garbage dump than a viable colony (even for science).

Over in the Jovian system, Jupiter's moon Io shares a similar fate to Venus. Although lacking an atmosphere, Io does house numerous volcanoes upon its surface, some of which spew hot sulfur hundreds of kilometers from its surface.

Even if scientists were able to withstand the deadly radiation that engulfs this world, they would probably not enjoy swimming in one of Io's numerous lava lakes.

Despite the fact that Io's lunar sister is known to harbor an abundance of water ice, Europa may only gather a mournful glance from a few scientists observing from Ganymede. Even though many scientists suspect that Europa may have oceans beneath its surface, the world is jealously guarded by its father Jupiter, who bathes its lunar daughter in deadly radiation.

While some have suggested digging a hole beneath the icy surface, doing so may only guarantee ones fate within the icy walls, as Europa has a fairly active surface, which could result in one getting crushed by its icy "tectonic plates."

When it comes to radiation, Saturn's ring worlds do not seem to fare any better than Europa. While the icy moons of Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, and Rhea may find their surfaces scoured by robots (in search of water ice), these lunar bodies unfortunately orbit within Saturn's radiation belts.

Even though engineers will probably find a way to shield themselves with artificial magnetic fields (or even create enormous planetary versions), the added cost of doing so may make living on these worlds too expensive for the "average space colonist."

The moons of Uranus and Neptune who dance around their green and blue parents, respectively may share a similar fate to their Saturian cousins.

Although its quite possible that these moons may eventually be settled by humanity, they may find themselves harboring space pirates (to the delight of solar governments everywhere) as their distance from Earth and lack of nearby resources may make them unattractive for the masses.

Heading out towards the Kuiper belt, one wonders whether humanity will have the attention span of settling any of these frozen objects at the edge of our solar system.

Although colonizing both Pluto and Charon could provide a few engineering delights, one wonders if humanity may simply decide to ignore these historical relics as they head out to other promising star systems.

Monday, September 10, 2007

Carnival Of The Space Geeks (19th Edition)


Last week's Carnival of Space was hosted by Fraser Cain from Universe Today.

Although the submissions were few and far between as people were probably getting caught up with work, school or returning from glorious vacations "away from it all".

For the few who are committed to the cause of enlightening us all, here are a sample of the few posts that were submitted:

  • Brian Wang from Advanced Nanotechnology has an interesting post about the Orion spacecraft refueling itself in mid-flight (note: if only Brian ran NASA).

  • Emily Lakdawalla via The Planetary Society Blog enlightens everyone on how you can take the various "puzzle pieces" of Rhea and put them together.

  • Louise Riofrio of A Babe in the Universe reports on some interesting news regarding Buzz Aldrin at the Mars Society conference (note: Fraser and I both wish we were able to attend).

  • Fraser Cain, the one who hosted this entire event discusses submarines for Europa (an idea Seaquest explored many moons ago).


For those of you interested in submitting articles for the next Carnival of Space, Henry Cate has the details.